How to predict tomorrow's weather ?

Tomorrow's weather is just the continuation of yesterday's.

This animation shows 24 hours of weather evolution over Western Europe. It is based on data from infrared and water vapour channels of the SEVIRI instrument onboard Meteosat-9.

This strange coloured composition allows to see high clouds in white colour, mid-level clouds in light ochre colour and cloud-frees areas in dark green colour or blue colour. Dry descending air is marked by a reddish colour.

Question: How do satellite data enable to differentiate between types of clouds ?