Image Credits

Welcome to the Module Ocean Colour in the coastal zone

Algal bloom warning sign.
dodgydewfish
URL: tripod
Last access: 07.01.2010
Development of an algal bloom.
Reinold Pasterkamp, IVM
URL: (VU-IVM)
Last access: 07.01.2010

1. Light and Life

Rainbow
Arz
URL: Wikimedia Commons
Last access: 07.01.2010
Satellite sensor registers light.
Reinold Pasterkamp, IVM
URL: (VU-IVM)
Last access: 07.01.2010
Mapped True Colour SeaWiFS image.
NASA
URL: NASA Ocean colour site
Last access: 08.01.2010
Suspended Particulate Matter map from SeaWiFS image.
Marieke Eleveld, IVM
URL: (VU-IVM)
Last access: 07.01.2010
Click the growth button...
BBC
URL: BBC
Last access: 08.01.2010
Glas with 1/2 tap water, 1/2 pond water and some nutrients from plant food (mainly N, P and K).
Marieke Eleveld, IVM
URL: (VU-IVM)
Last access: 07.01.2010
After 14 days in a sunny and warm environment.
Marieke Eleveld, IVM
URL: (VU-IVM)
Last access: 07.01.2010
Phaeocystis globules with hundreds of cells grow each year in Spring.
J. van Iperen- NIOZ
URL: NIOZ
Last access: 08.01.2010
First estimate of primary production from remote sensing data.
Marieke Eleveld, IVM
URL: (VU-IVM)
Last access: 07.01.2010
Exchange of carbon between the main reservoirs. Reservoirs in Pg Carbon. Fluxes in Pg Carbon per year. One Pentagram (Pg) equals 1015 grams.
R. Reuter- UOL
URL: UOL
Last access: 08.01.2010
Where is this water coming from?
Marieke Eleveld, IVM
URL: (VU-IVM)
Last access: 07.01.2010
Tea as an example of CDOM.
Marieke Eleveld, IVM
URL: (VU-IVM)
Last access: 07.01.2010
Dilution of CDOM.
Marieke Eleveld, IVM
URL: (VU-IVM)
Last access: 07.01.2010
Water quality parameters derived from MERIS.
Reinold Pasterkamp, IVM
URL: (VU-IVM)
Last access: 07.01.2010
Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM) from the Rhine.
Marieke Eleveld, IVM
URL: (VU-IVM)
Last access: 07.01.2010
Patterns of light penetration into water.
Tom Morris, Fullerton College
URL: Elements_of_Ecology
Last access: 05.02.2009

2. Ecosystems

Manta Ray.
Marine Photobank
URL: Marine Photobank
Last access: 07.01.2010
shrimp farms in a Vietnamese delta.
NASA
URL: Earthobservatory
Last access: 07.01.2010
Crown of Thorns Starfish (COT).
Irene Kingma, IVM
URL: (VU-IVM)
Last access: 07.01.2010
The famous palm island of the coast of Dubai.
NASA
URL: Palm Island
Last access: 07.01.2010
The top zone, called the splash and spray zone is mainly inhabited by birds.
WDFA
URL: North Coast
Last access: 10.01.2010
Wind farms at Sea.
Greenpeace
URL: Wind farm
Last access: 07.01.2010
Large Trawlers.
Wikimedia
URL: boat on Wikimedia
Last access: 10.01.2010
Dredging activities near a harbour.
Deltares
URL: Deltares
Last access: 10.01.2010
Pelagic Food Chain.
Irene Kingma, IVM
URL: (VU-IVM)
Last access: 07.01.2010
Benthic Food Chain.
Irene Kingma, IVM
URL: (VU-IVM)
Last access: 07.01.2010
The more complex food web including the microbial loop.
Irene Kingma, IVM
URL: (VU-IVM)
Last access: 07.01.2010
Seaweed.
Marine Photobank
URL: Marine Photobank
Last access: 07.01.2010
Nutrients in rivers.
PBL Netherlands
URL: Environmental Indicators
Last access: 08.01.2010
Scientists estimate the yearly global ocean productivity based on estimates of chlorophyll concentrations in the surface waters.
NASA
URL: Earthobservatory
Last access: 08.01.2010
Long term effects of iron fertilization are still unknown.
CSA
URL: ProQuest
Last access: 09.01.2010
Diatoms through a miscroscope.
Wikipedia
URL: wiki/Diatoms
Last access: 08.01.2010
Noctiluca scintillans
NOAA
URL: NOAA
Last access: 08.01.2010
Algal concentrations in March and April 2003 off the Belgian Coast.
REVAMP project FP5
URL: The REVAMP project
Last access: 02.03.2009
Legend to the Chlorophyll-a maps
REVAMP project FP5
URL: The REVAMP project
Last access: 02.03.2009
Algal concentrations in May and June 2003.
REVAMP project FP5
URL: The REVAMP project
Last access: 02.03.2009

3. Health

Nutrient rich waters can be abundant with plant and animal life.
Friends Revolution
URL: FriendsRevolution
Last access: 09.01.2010
This diagram shows the complex effects of various antropogenic sources of eutrophication in the coastal zone.
UNC
URL: UNC
Last access: 08.01.2010
The green colour in the water is caused by algal blooms, caused by nutrient runoff from farms.
ANRA
URL: ANRA Australia
Last access: 08.01.2010
Light penetration is measured by Secchi depth.
Univ. Michigan
URL: UMich
Last access: 08.01.2010
The cloudy green substance is an annual seaweed which covers over the kelp and rockweed.
FisheryCrisis
URL: Fishery Crisis website
Last access: 09.01.2010
The lack of oxygen caused by hypoxia can cause many animals to die off.
Wikipedia
URL: Wikipedia
Last access: 09.01.2010
The Pseudo-nitzschia diatom, a well-known toxic species.
NOAA
URL: NOAA
Last access: 20.07.2009
An algal bloom of the cyanobacteria coccolithophore of the coast of Scotland.
NASA
URL: EarthObservatory
Last access: 08.01.2010
Algal bloom warning sign.
dodgydewfish
URL: tripod
Last access: 07.01.2010
A well studied dead zone is the annually occurring dead zone in the Mexican gulf.
NASA
URL: EarthObservatory
Last access: 08.01.2010
Local spots of red-coloured algae at the surface can develop rapidly in the coastal zones.
NOAA
URL: NOAA features
Last access: 22.09.2008
Red Tide caused by Dinoflagellates
Wikimedia Commons
URL: Wikipedia
Last access: 08.01.2010
Example of many types of algae, mainly diatoms.
De Vleet
URL: ECOMARE
Last access: 08.01.2010
Summer Bloom in the Baltic Sea
NASA
URL: Earthobservatory
Last access: 08.01.2010
Bloom of phytoplankton (primarily coccolithophores) along Cornwall
NOC
URL: NOC Southampton
Last access: 10.01.2010
Foam on the beach.
De Vleet
URL: ECOMARE
Last access: 08.01.2010
A closer look at the foam.
De Vleet
URL: ECOMARE
Last access: 08.01.2010
Phaeocystis globules with hundreds of cells grow each year in Spring.
J. van Iperen- NIOZ
URL: NIOZ
Last access: 08.01.2010
Phaeocystis bloom at the coast of Zeeland in April 2003..
Reinold Pasterkamp, IVM
URL: (VU-IVM)
Last access: 07.01.2010

4. Improving Coastal Water Quality

Eutrophied seas around the European continent.
JRC
URL: IES-JRC
Last access: 25.10.2007

5. Retrieve your own Chlorophyll

Zooming in and displaying Shipping lanes in WATeRS.
WaTeRS IVM
URL: WaTeRS webserver
Last access: 08.01.2010
Chlorophyll concentrations over 15 micrograms per litre are shaded pink.
REVAMP project FP5
URL: The REVAMP project
Last access: 02.03.2009
Extraction of values at a certain location near Spiekeroog: median in March, April, May and June.
REVAMP project FP5
URL: The REVAMP project
Last access: 02.03.2009
Extraction of values at a certain location near Spiekeroog: median in March, April, May and June. (Export to Excell)
REVAMP project FP5
URL: The REVAMP project
Last access: 02.03.2009

11. Worksheets

       Worksheet c01-01-t Carbon Capture and Storage

Monthly averaged atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations (green and red curves) and moving average (black line) measured from 1960 to 2007.
Mauna Loa Observatory, Hawaii, U.S.A.
URL: Atmospheric CO2 at Mauna Loa Observatory
Last access: 02.03.2009
Global temperature anomaly at 10 m above land and ocean surface between 1880 and 2008, with the mean temperature in the period of 1951-1980 as a reference (0° temperature anomaly).
James E. Hansen, NASA Goddard Institute for Space Sciences, New York, N.Y, U.S.A.
URL: Figure 1 in: DISS Surface Temperature Analysis
Last access: 02.03.2009

       Worksheet c01-02-t Carbon Budgets and Fluxes

Carbon budgets in GtC in vegetation and soil, in the atmosphere and oceans, and carbon fluxes in GtC per year (shown by arrows) between these reservoirs.
Energy Information Administration, US Dept. of Energy,
1000 Independence Ave., SW, Washington, DC 20585.
URL: Figure 2: Global Carbon Cycle, in: Greenhouse Gases, Climate Change, and Energy
Last access: 02.03.2009
Detailed view of budgets and fluxes in the global carbon cycle in the 1990ies. Pre-industrial or 'natural' values are given in black and anthropogenic values in red.
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC),
IPCC Fourth Assessment Report,
Chapter 7, Figure 7.3.
URL: High resolution image
Last access: 02.03.2009

       Worksheet c02-01-t Phytoplankton growth cycle

Algal concentrations in March and April.
REVAMP project FP5
URL: The REVAMP project
Last access: 02.03.2009
Algal concentrations near the Belgian Coast.
REVAMP project FP5
URL: The REVAMP project
Last access: 02.03.2009

       Worksheet c03-01-t Water Quality improvement

OPSPAR map of eutrophication problem areas and potential problem areas.
OSPAR
URL: The Oslo Paris Commission
Last access: 09.01.2010
Chlorophyll-a is used as an indicator of eutrophication.
REVAMP project FP5
URL: The REVAMP project
Last access: 02.03.2009